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U2 lab™ - smart tech solutions / cybersecurity
Identity and Access Management (IAM)
Determine the level of access each individual has within the client organization.
Identity and Access Management (IAM)
Security discipline that makes it possible for the right entities (people or things) to use the right resources (applications or data) when they need them, without interference, using the devices they want to use.
It is made up of the systems and processes that allow IT administrators to assign a unique digital identity to each entity, authenticate them when they log in, authorize them to access specific resources, and monitor and manage those identities throughout their lifecycle.
IAM is no longer just for employees.
Organizations must be able to provide secure access to contractors and business partners, remote and mobile users, and customers.
With digital transformation, identities are also assigned to devices, robots, and pieces of Internet of Things (IoT) code, such as APIs or microservices.
Hybrid multi-cloud IT environments and "Software as a Service" (SaaS) solutions further complicate the IAM landscape.
Components
Identity management: authentication; process that verifies that a user (or entity) is who they say they are; username and password; "Multi-Factor Authentication" (MFA).
Access management: authorization; process of checking what specific applications, files, and data a user can access; works by establishing rules called "access control policies"; always takes place after authentication.
Management and monitoring: continuous administration, monitoring and analysis of IAM processes, systems and activities to ensure regulatory compliance, security and operational effectiveness.
Identity Management
Authenticators: verify digital identity using a number of methods, such as hardware tokens, digital certificates, device scanning, and one-time passwords.
Mobile authentication: embed a digital identity on a mobile device to create an intelligent credential that provides access to critical applications.
ID verification: onboard users in seconds using biometric authentication, which compares portrait photos with government-issued ID documents.
Adaptive authentication: leverages real-time contextual analysis to grant users access or challenge them with additional risk-based authentication messages of increasing difficulty.
Access Management
Single Sign On (SSO): streamlines the login process; allows users to use a single set of credentials for all the applications they need.
Passwordless login: eliminate the risk of credential theft with highly secure passwordless login.
VPN authentication: provides users with quick access to key applications and protects against credential theft with an encrypted VPN.
Credential issuance: allows users to request mobile smart credentials that grant near-instant access to websites, VPNs, apps, and other essential services.
Management and Monitoring
Fraud detection: defend customer data and brand reputation by automatically mitigating payment fraud.
Password reset: reduce costs and support tickets with a self-service option for users who have forgotten their passwords.
Secure device provisioning: automate the device issuance and return process for new, existing, and outgoing employees.
Importance
It helps protect against compromised user credentials and easy-to-crack passwords, which are common network entry points for criminal hackers who want to plant ransomware or steal data.
When operated correctly, IAM helps ensure business productivity and seamless functioning of digital systems.
Employees can work seamlessly, no matter where they are.
Centralized management ensures that employees only access the specific resources they need for their jobs.
Opening systems to customers, contractors and suppliers can increase efficiency and reduce costs.
User Authentication Types
Username and password: the IAM system checks a database to make sure they match what is registered.
Single Sign-On (SSO): increases productivity and reduces friction for users.
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): adds another layer of protection; requires users to present two or more identification credentials in addition to a username; access to applications.
Risk-based authentication (adaptive): prompts the user for MFA only when it detects the presence of a higher risk.
Access Management
Privileged Access Management (PAM): privileged access is reserved for administrators; isolates these accounts and monitor activity to prevent credential theft or misuse of privileges.
Role-Based Access Management (RBAC): administrators can control access based on job requirements or job level; can specify whether a user class can view, create, or modify files.
Advantages
Compliance: IAM systems allow you to enforce formal access policies and demonstrate your compliance with an audit trail of user activity.
Productivity: IAM tools allow you to grant secure access to multiple resources without requiring multiple logins.
Data protection: IAM tools help security teams detect ongoing incidents and investigate potential risks, allowing them to eradicate threats quickly and confidently.
IT automation: IAM automates key tasks such as password resets and log analysis; this saves time and effort.
Implementation
1. Evaluate the computing landscape.
2. Check compliance requirements.
3. Decide on an implementation model.
4. Take a gradual approach.
5. Control and adapt.
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